腹直肌血腫是一種罕見引起急性腹痛的急症，常常會因誤診而導致不必要的檢查、外科會診甚至剖腹探查手術。而登革熱隨著全球暖化以及國際間交通往來之便使得年發生率增加。此病例為一位79歲男性以急性腹痛呈現的腹直肌血腫，同時合併感染登革熱。針對此情形所呈現的臨床症狀、鑑別診斷、影像學檢查及治療提出探討。

Rectus sheath hematoma is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain which is often misdiagnosed and leads to unnecessary investigations, surgical referrals and laparotomies. Global warming and international transportation contribute to the increased annual incidence of dengue fever. We presented a 79-year-old male of rectus sheath hematoma presenting with acute abdominal pain, coinciding with dengue virus infection. The particular clinical symptoms, etiologies, differential diagnosis, radiological images and treatment for this condition are presented.