本文從影響因素著手，使用「竹東及朴子地區心血管疾病長期追蹤研究」問卷與健保資料庫的資料，估計中老年人肥胖相關疾病之改善效益。另外，分析罹病者全部的總醫療支出有其政策涵義，因此我們增加非特定疾病的分析與肥胖相關疾病加以比較。結論顯示，若能改善台閩地區罹患肥胖相關疾病之中老年肥胖及過重罹病者的身體質量指數至正常水準，約可以減少總醫療支出57.1 億元及10.2 億元。若考量的是非特定疾病，約可以減少71.3 億元及24.9億元。

This paper uses the impact factors to evaluate the benefits of ameliorating obesity relevant diseases among middle-aged and elderly people in Taiwan. Data from the “Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors:A Two Township Study” project and National Health Insurance (NHI)are used for the empirical analysis. Moreover, because realizing the total medical expenditure of the sample has policy implications, we also investigate the non-specific diseases and compare them with obesity relevant diseases. The results show that if we can ameliorate obesity among middle-aged and elderly people and reduce the body mass index of ill and overweight persons to the standard level, the costs of our medical services would decrease NT $5.71 billions and NT$1.02 billions, respectively. If the non-specific diseases are counted in as well,then the medical costs for corresponding groups would cut NT $7.13 billions and NT$2.49 billions respectively.