跌倒是我國造成職業災害的主要類型之一，是扣除交通事故後，造成服務業勞工職業災害的首要原因，嚴重影響勞動生產力。以往對於跌倒職業傷害的研究多著重於發生機制，對於職業危險因子的探討則相對有限。本研究以2006～2010年的勞保職業傷害給付資料進行分析，以探討台灣地區勞工發生跌倒職業傷害的現況及潛在危險因子。主要分析項目包括案例性別、年齡、受傷部位、行業、給付種類等。總計五年間共有25,364件跌倒職業災害的勞保給付案例，平均年發生率為0.46%，給付類型以傷害給付為主（97.1%），男性案例較多（52.8%）。以案例特性來看，跌倒職災案例以45歲以上勞工居多，而50歲以上女性勞工的案例數又高於同年齡層男性。以行業別來看，建築工程業的跌倒發生率最高且男女發生率相當，儲配運輸物流業男性跌倒發生率是女性勞工的4.8倍，而航空運輸業女性勞工跌倒發生率則是男性的4.9倍，顯示某些行業跌倒職災的發生率有明顯的性別差異。以致災媒介物來看，逾半數跌倒案例的媒介物為「其他」，顯示現有的職災媒介物分類項目，並不適用於跌倒職災案例分析。不同行業的跌倒職災案例在性別、年齡及給付類型的分布上也有明顯差異，而行業特性及工作環境都可能影響跌倒職災的發生，值得進一步探討原因，以尋求預防跌倒職災之道。

Slip-and-fall is an important cause of occupational injuries in Taiwan, causing substantial work losses each year. Earlier studies on slip-and-falls have emphasized on the mechanism of falls, but potential risk factors associated with workers and the environment have not been examined in depth. In this study, we analyzed labor insurance claims on occupational slip-and-fall injuries. Labor insurance claims made between 2006 and 2010 were gathered for analyses, and the data included age, gender and occupation of the cases, type of payment, primary site of injury, and intermediary cause of injury. Between 2006 and 2010, 25,364 labor insurance claims were made due to a slip-and-fall injury at the workplace. The claim cases were mostly (52.8%) males, and 97.1% were injury claims. Most of the slip-and-fall injuries involved older workers, and women 50 years and over were at higher risk of slip-and-fall injuries. Substantial differences were found among occupations in slip-and-fall incidence rates. The highest incidence rate was found in buildings construction industry with similar rates between gender groups; in contrast, the incidence rate in storage and distribution industry among male workers was 4.8 times that of females, and in air transportation industry, the incidence rate in female workers was 4.9 times that of males. Over 50% of the cases involved media that could not be properly categorized, suggesting that the intermediary causes of slip-and-fall injuries may be different than other types of occupational injuries. The results showed that the risk of occupational slip-andfall injuries may be related to age, gender and type of industry. Further studies are needed to examine occupation-related causes to this workplace hazard.