目標：探討高危險妊娠因素與出生體重對新生兒住院醫療費用的影響。方法：次級資料世代研究設計，使用2008年全民健康保險資料庫中入院年齡小於或等於28天之新生兒為研究對象，以獨立樣本t、ANOVA和複迴歸分析高危險妊娠因素與出生體重對新生兒的住院醫療費用的影響。結果：複迴歸分析結果顯示，母親年齡≧35歲(β=0.078)、孕期酗酒(β=1.004)、母體糖尿病(β=0.181)、母體腎臟病(β=0.761)、母體肺臟病(β=0.599)、母體貧血(β=0.119)、三胞胎以上(β=0.323)、產程太長(β=0.176)、羊水異常(β=0.290)、羊水中有胎便(β=0.259)、臍帶脫垂(β=0.414)、剖腹產(β=0.308)、妊娠週數＜37週(β=0.354)等高危險妊娠因素，和出生體重＜1,500克(β=1.428)、出生體重1,500至2,499克(β=0.432)，會使得新生兒的住院醫療費用偏高，且達統計顯著相關(p<.05)。結論：特定的高危險妊娠因素和低出生體重使得新生兒的住院醫療費用有上升的情形。建議健保局未來修正「新生兒與其他源於周產期病態之新生兒」(MDC 15)分類架構時，可同時考量特定高危險妊娠因素和出生體重的影響。

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of high-risk pregnancyfactors and birth weight on newborn inpatient expenditure. Methods: The study design is that ofa secondary cohort study. The subjects are admitted patients with ages of 28 days or less from the2008 National Health Insurance Research Database. This study analyzed the influence of highriskpregnancy factors and birth weight on newborn inpatient expenditure by t-test, ANOVAand multiple regression. Results: The multiple regression results showed that a maternal ageof 35 years or more at delivery (β=0.078), alcohol consumption during pregnancy (β=1.004),diabetes mellitus (β=0.181), renal disease (β=0.761), lung disease (β=0.599), anemia (β=0.119),giving birth to three or more babies (β=0.323), undergoing prolonged labor (β=0.176), sufferingfrom oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios (β=0.290), having meconium stained amniotic fluid(β=0.259), having a prolapsed cord (β=0.414), undergoing a caesarean section (β=0.308), havinga gestational age of less than 37 weeks (β=0.354), having a birth weight of less than 1,500g(β=1.428) and having a birth weight of 1,500-2,499g (β=0.432) increases newborn inpatientexpenditure significantly (p<0.05). Conclusions: Certain risk conditions associated with highriskpregnancies as well as low birth weight increase newborn inpatient expenditure. This studysuggests that when the Bureau of National Health Insurance modifies the Taiwan Diagnosis-Related Groups classification framework of Newborns and Other Neonates with ConditionsOriginating in the Perinatal Period (MDC 15), they should take into consideration various riskconditions that are associated with high-risk pregnancy in addition to birth weight.