本研究旨在探討社區領導者特性、社區社會資本及社區營造之關聯性，研究採用黃源協（2009）所蒐集的行政院國家科學委員會問卷調查資料，進行次級資料分析。研究對象以社區為單位，針對全國立案之社區發展協會的理事長或總幹事，共計691人，進行問卷調查。研究採用結構方程式模型進行統計分析，此模式獲得支持，研究結果如下：一、社區領導可以從人際及事務兩大取向，進一步劃分為人際、事務和制度三大取向。二、從整體社區樣本而言，社區領導者特性對社區社會資本與社區營造達顯著正向的關係，而社區領導者特性對於社區營造有直接的關係。三、社區領導者領導能力的強弱、取向或策略等，將直接影響社區社會資本的高或低，通常是正面的影響。四、鄉村型社區其領導者特性透過社區社會資本對社區營造產生中介的關係。五、都市型社區其領導者特性透過社區社會資本對社區營造產生中介的關係。本研究根據研究結果提出相關建議，以供實務工作及未來研究參考。

This study aims to explore the variance and relationship between community leaders' traits, community social capital, and community building oriented. Data from the National science council report by Yuan-Shie Hwang (2009). Community was viewed as research unit and the whole registered community development associations in Taiwan were surveyed. There were 691 samples in this study. The study used structural equation modeling to test model and use some index to test, and it found that the model was fitted better. The result of study was as followings: (1) Community leader styles could divide into three types—Interpersonal, task-oriented and institutional. (2) In path analysis reveals a relationship between community leaders traits and community social capital were significantly and positive influenced; the relationship between community social capital and community building were significantly and positive influenced. (3) The power, styles and strategies of community leaders will influence the strength of community social capital. (4) Rural community in "community social capital" play full mediator role for "community leaders traits" to "community building". (5) Civil community in "community social capital" play full mediator role for "community leaders traits" to "community building". The suggestions for application and future research were proposed.