本研究目的在於探討臺灣不同縣市學生大學入學考試表現（包括大學學科能力測驗成績、錄取公立大學及錄取菁英大學）的差異性以及影響因素。以94學年度教育部高教司大一新生資料進行分析，根據百分比交叉分析、均數分析、OLS迴歸分析與邏輯廻歸分析的統計結果，主要研究發現如下：大學學科能力測驗成績表現最佳的縣市為臺中市，其次為臺南市，第三為嘉義縣市與臺北市；表現較差的依序為：澎湖縣、臺東縣及苗栗縣。就錄取公立大學而言，表現最佳的縣市為臺南市，其次為臺中市，臺北市排第八位；表現較差的依序為：苗栗縣、金門縣、新竹縣、基隆市、臺東縣及南投縣。就錄取菁英大學而言，表現最佳的縣市為臺中市，其次為臺南市、嘉義縣與臺北市；表現較差的依序為：南投縣、苗栗縣、屏東縣、基隆市、花蓮縣及臺東縣。前述結果顯示都市化最高的縣市，入學考試表現並非最佳；都市化最低的縣市，入學考試表現也並非最差；另外，各縣市學生出身背景（包括社經背景）對於學生入學考試表現的解釋力很有限，綜合以上結果，反映出當前大學教育機會可能已較過去均等。

This study examines the varying academic and entrance examination performances and enrollment rates for public and elite universities with a comparison across cities and counties in Taiwan. According to a cross-tabulation, means analysis, ordinary least squares regression, and logistic regression of higher education data surveyed in 2005, Taichung City achieved the highest academic performances, followed by Tainan City, Chiayi County, Chiayi City, and Taipei City are the third. In descending order, Taitung County, Miaoli County, and Penghu County showed the lowest academic performances. Tainan City displayed the highest public university enrollments, followed by Taichung City, with Taipei City ranking eighth. In descending order, Kinmen County, Hsinchu County, Keelung City, Taitung County, and Nantou County performed poorly, with Miaoli County displaying the lowest public university enrollments. Taichung City displayed the highest elite university enrollments, followed by Tainan City, Chiayi County, and Taipei City. In descending order, Miaoli County, Pingtung County, Keelung City, Hualien County, and Taitung County performed poorly, with Nantou County displaying the lowest elite university enrollments. According to these results, the urbanization level of a city did not correlate with the level of university entrance performance. However, the socioeconomic backgrounds of students in various counties and cities showed a limited effect on the student performance level. These results suggest that contemporary Taiwanese students are given equal opportunities to obtain a university education.