劉承慧（2011a)從先秦語言特性切入，展示句式和特定語法標 記如何作用到敘事文篇，是本文研究的基礎。本文探討先秦敘事文的 構成與分類問題，包括敘事文篇的構成特徵及史書和子書敘事文的異 同。本文關注敘事文篇有別於其他類型文篇的「敘述者」和「多重觀 點」，主張「評議者」為敘事文篇中與敘述者並行的獨立發言體。分 析結果顯示先秦敘事文已是高度發展的文類，而被公認為先秦敘事文 代表作的《左傳》更是達到極高的敘事成就。

Based on Liu (2011), which uncovered how the grammatical properties of Pre-Qin Chinese relate to the composition of narrative texts, the present paper explores what constructional features Pre-Qin narrative discourse is possessed of and what criteria should be adopted to classify narrative works. Special attention is paid to how the mutually independent narrator and commentator function within the narrative discourse and how multiple perspectives are integrated into a single text. It is concluded here that Pre-Qin narrative prose as a literary genre was highly developed, and that the Zuozhuan《左傳》represents the highest narrative achievement among Pre-Qin works.