本論文將分別從三個途徑加以說明勞動檢查制度的基本內涵與 功能。其一，首先強調職業安全衛生環境與勞動檢查行政之關係， 從（公共）衛生行政和勞動行政的角度來說明「勞動檢查制度」的 行政性格與意義；其主要內容包括：勞動檢查與勞動基準行政之確 保、檢查行政與勞工政策之關係、檢查行政與職業安全衛生之關係， 以及檢查行政本身之「公共性」。其二，再進一步說明「勞動檢查制度」於職業安全衛生體制中所扮演的角色與功能，介紹我國勞動檢 查制度的重要相關規範及其實際制度運作之檢查組織與檢查員之權 限，其主要內容包括：勞動檢查制度之法源與檢查事項範圍、勞動 檢查行政之組織（機構）、勞動檢查員之任用與檢查員權限，以及勞動檢查員之義務。其三，從實際運作的成效予以分析，說明現行各 勞動檢查機構的檢查次數、受檢率，以及行政告發、司法之偵辦處 分等之結果。最後，本文從立法政策論的角度，就現階段我國勞檢制度之不足處，尤其是我國成立五都地方自治政府以後，勞動檢查 制度應如何重新檢討既有的體制構造，如何有效提升勞動檢查效能 與檢查員權限等之問題，嘗試對未來我國勞動檢查制度提出政策建議。

This essay will discuss the concepts and function of labor inspection from three aspects. The first aspect will emphasize on the relationship between environmental safety and health and administration of labor inspection. The meaning of labor inspection will be explained from the perspective of public health and labor administration. Major topics cover the establishment of labor inspection and standard, relationship between inspection and labor policies, relationship between inspection and environmental safety and health, and universality of the inspection. The second aspect will focus on the role of labor inspection system plays in vocational safety and health. The regulations of current inspection system, operational organizations, as well as authority of inspectors will be introduced. The major content includes legality of inspection system, inspection premises, administrative organizations, and commission, authority, and duty of inspectors. The third aspect will analyze the effectiveness of operation. It involves the description of the number and ratio of inspections, indictment due to the whistle blow, and results of judicial punishment. Finally, the essay will examine the insufficiency of the current inspection system from the legislative standpoint. Since the recent restructure of the five major metro governments and local autonomous system have established, there is a need to reexamine the current system for improving inspection efficiency and strengthening the authority of inspectors. Suggestions are further recommended to revamp the inspection system.