背景：糖尿病為一慢性代謝性障礙疾病，須適當控制血糖與延緩併發症，而運動對此有一定成效。氣功是我國傳 統的養生保健運動，具有促進氣血運行、臟腑協調、經絡疏通及筋骨強化等。然而，氣功對糖尿病患的實 證成效尚無定論。
目的：分析隨機控制或臨床試驗研究中，氣功對糖尿病患血糖控制之成效。
方法：使用系統性回顧及統合分析方法，搜尋1975至2012年發表於華藝線上圖書館、中國期刊全文資料庫、國家 圖書館全球資訊網、Wiley Online Library、Academic Search Complete、CINAHL、PubMed、MEDLINE、 SPORTDiscu、Cochrane Library、LWW Nursing and Health Professions Premier Collection 等資料庫，選取第
二型糖尿病相關文獻符合篩選標準。共11篇符合評選標準氣功介入之隨機或臨床對照試驗，其中9篇有完整 數值可進行統合分析。測量變項為糖化血色素、空腹血糖、胰島素敏感性或抗性及空腹胰島素。
結果：研究發現，氣功介入措施對糖尿病患的糖化血色素及空腹血糖改善達顯著差異，綜合效量分別為-0.422 (95% CI = [-0.620, -0.225])及-0.90(95% CI = [-1.380, -0.414])。對改善胰島素敏感性或抗性未達顯著差異，綜合效 量為-0.037 (95% CI = [-0.331, 0.256])。
結論：本研究應用系統性回顧及統合分析方法，發現氣功措施顯著改善第二型糖尿病患糖化血色素及空腹血糖。
此結果可提供更為客觀的實證研究結果，以利醫護人員提供糖尿病患了解運動類型以及相關照護上的參酌。

Background: Proper control of diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, is important to maintaining health. Exercise has been associated with blood glucose control and the delay of diabetes-related complications. Qigong is a traditional health care exercise that improves the harmonious flow of energy (qi) and blood inside the body, balances the organs, modulates channels and collaterals, and strengthens the bones. However, the empirical effects of qigong in peoples with diabetes remaining uncertain.
Purpose: This paper uses published randomized-controlled and controlled clinical trials to analyze the effect of qigong on blood glucose control outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis were used. Searches were conducted in databases including Airiti Library, China Journal Full-text Database, National Central Library, Wiley Online Library, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscu, Cochrane Library, and LWW Nursing and Health Professions Premier Collection. The search focused on articles published between 1975 and 2012. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles addressing relevant randomized and controlled clinical trials were extracted. Of these, 9 provided sufficient data for pooling and analysis. The main outcomes assessed were HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity or insulin resistance, and fasting insulin.
Results: The 9 studies showed that the qigong intervention had significant effects on HbA1c and fasting blood glucose, with respective effect sizes of -0.42 (95% CI = [-0.62, -0.23]) and -0.90 (95% CI = [-1.38, -0.41]). There was no significant effect on insulin sensitivity/insulin resistance, with an effect size of -0.04 (95% CI = [-0.33, 0.26]).
Conclusion: This study indicates that qigong may improve HbA1c and fasting blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further study is needed to help health care staffs better advise patients on the effects of exercise in type 2 diabetes patients.