直腸類癌在臺灣極少報告發表。當臨床遇到較大腫瘤，若不處置，等腫瘤增大將有遠端轉移，故常需及早考慮外科切除。對2cm以下之類癌，以內視鏡設備切除是可行且較無侵襲性之療法。使用食道靜脈瘤結紮器之內視鏡黏膜下切除術治療直腸類癌瘤最早於2003年提出。雖然使用上方便且減低腸穿孔之危險，但因此設計之尺寸限制，其提出個案均為1cm以下。在此提出一病例報告為一71歲男性至本院之主訴為便秘及裹急後重。大腸鏡檢發現於直腸處有一黏膜下腫瘤，約1.1公分。切片檢查為直腸類癌。我們為此病人執行食道靜脈瘤結紮器之內視鏡黏膜下切除術。術後追蹤23個月，並無發現有局部復發，遠端轉移或類癌症候群。

Rectal carcinoid tumors are rarely reported in Taiwan. Surgical resection is usually considered for a large tumor because of the malignant potential. In dealing with a carcinoid tumor smaller than 2 cm, endoscopic treatment is possible and less invasive than surgery. Endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device (ESMR-L) for rectal carcinoid tumors was first reported by Ono et al in 2003. In his series, the maximal size of resected rectal carcinoid tumor was less than 1 cm. Although this is a convenient and safe method, the size of treatable tumors was limited because of the size of his device. We report here a 71 year old man whose chief complaint was constipation for years and tennesmus for one month. Colonoscopy showed a submucosal tumor at 5 cm above the anal verge, measuring about 1.1 cm in size. A biospy revealed carcinoid tumor. ESMR-L was performed smoothly. No evidence of local recurrence, distant metastasis, nor carcinoid syndrome was found during 23 months follow up.