川崎氏症是一種影響多系統的血管炎，主要發生於嬰兒及年紀較小的兒童。目前已知早期使用高劑量的靜脈注射免疫球蛋白可以有效地降低其致病率及致死率。但是，對於一開始以非典型性表現的川崎氏症的早期診斷仍然是臨床醫師的一大難題。在本文中，我們報告一個以類似喉部後膿瘍的臨床及影像學特徵為其初始表現的川崎氏症病例。對於罹患發燒及化膿性頸部淋巴炎的兒童，當病人對抗生素治療反應不理想時，應將川崎氏症列入考慮。

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a kind of multisystem vasculitis and mainly affects infants andyoung children. Treatmentwith high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in a timelymannerhas been shown to effectively reduce the morbidity and mortality. However, early diagnosis of KDwith initial atypical presentations still presents a dilemma for clinicians.We describe a case of KDwith an initial presentation of a retropharyngeal abscess in clinical features and images. Weemphasize that KD should be considered in children with suspected bacterial cervicallymphadenitis or a retropharyngeal abscess when there is a poor response to empiric antibiotictherapy.