隨著國內血液透析 (Hemodidysis) 人口的增加，瘻管功能的異常也隨之增加，經皮血管成型術 (PTA，percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) 益顯重要，也更須重視。我們根據相關文獻回顧及過去實作經驗，系統性整理後，提供給同好參考。依照技術步驟的思考順序，由一般瘻管的篡本認識閑始，接著探討瘻管功能異常的種類、病灶位置的預測、成型術先前的率備、管鞘的位置與方向、工具的選用、處置病灶前後的評估及併發症等。期望有更多醫師參與研究和改進這項技術，以嘉惠更多腎衰竭病患。

As the number of patients undergoing hemodialysis in Taiwan increases, the same increment has also been observed in the incidence of hemodialysis access dysfunction and this has lead to a demonstration of significance of the role of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in these lesions. After a review of the present literature along with a collaboration of our experience in angioplasty, we integrated and organized present data to serve as a clinical reference for other clinicians. In this review, we introduce the topics such as the basic concepts on arteriovenous access, types and sites of arteriovenous access dysfunction, prediction of sites of dysfunction, preparations of puncture sites, directions and position of sheaths, options of angioplastic devices, methods for evaluation of lesions before and after PTA along with their related complications. We hope that more physicians engage in studies and attempts to alleviate pain and inconvenience of patients undergoing hemodialysis.