背景和目的：探討引起兒童非傷寒沙門氏菌感染住院的血清型類別、危險因子、及產生的後遺症。方法：2001 一月到2004 一月三年內年齡小於14 歲而且糞便培養為非傷寒沙門氏菌感染的102 位住院病人，我們收集迴朔他們的病歷，並針對其臨床表徵與檢驗報告加以統計分析。結果：所有病童臨床表徵以腹瀉、發燒、及腹痛比例最高(>90%)，而血清類型則以血清型B 最多(57.8%)，血清型C 次之，至於血清型D 則最少(15.7%)。此外，所有病患中有9 位病童(8.8%)發生菌血症，但無死亡病例發現。另外，所有非傷寒沙門氏菌在本次研究中只有43.7%對Ampicillin有效，然而對第三代抗頭孢子菌素(Cefriaxone)的敏感性在本研究中依然是百分之百有效。結論：本篇文章中顯示兒童非傷寒沙門氏菌感染的人數以大於一歲佔多數，但好發率( prevalence)則以小於一歲居多，而且最常見的腸道外兒童非傷寒沙門氏菌感染併發症為菌血症。第三代抗頭孢子菌素在本研究中依然百分之百有效，若病人感染非傷寒沙門氏菌合併高C 反應蛋白、菌血症及腹部X 光顯示有毒性巨結腸都會延長病患住院的天數。至於血清型的不同與菌血症、毒性巨結腸、高C 反應蛋白及增加住院天數則無明顯正相關。

Background and Purpose: To evaluate the serogroup prevalence, antimicrobialsusceptibility, and complications of nontyphoidal salmonellosis in children seen in the past 3 years.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our pediatric patients younger than 14 years old withproven salmonella enterocolitis from January 2001 to January 2004. The clinical manifestations,laboratory findings, and extraintestinal manifestations of these patients were reviewed. Results:In total, 102 patients were enrolled in this study. The most-common symptoms were diarrhea(98.1%), fever (95.1%), and abdominal pain (91%). All stool cultures grewnontyphoidal salmonella,all ofwhich were sensitive to a third-generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone). Group B (57.8%)wasthe most-common salmonella isolate, while the least-common group was serogroup D (16.7%).Nine patients (8.8%) had positive blood culture results for non-typhoidal salmonellosis, but therewere no mortalities. Conclusion: Salmonella bacteremia was found in about 9%of patients withnon-typhoidal salmonella enterocolitis, and third-generation cephalosporins remain effective.Fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain were the most-frequent clinical presentations. Our resultssuggest that children with non-typhoidal salmonellosis with a high CRP, bacteremia, and plainabdominal films showing toxic megacolon may experience an extended hospitalization. However,there was no statistically significant value for leukocytosis, a high CRP value, toxic megacolon, orbacteremia among the 3 serogroups of nontyphoidal salmonella.