本研究目的在釐清國人休閒活動的參與類型，比較城鄉居民休閒參與類型的差異，及分析不同時期城鄉休閒參與類型的變遷情形。分析資料使用1990年與2000年台灣地區社會變遷基本調查的資料，有效樣本分別為2529位與1625位。研究架構採用Ritzer理性化的觀點，將休閒活動區分為現代休閒商品與傳統休閒活動兩大類，並以理性化休閒與感性化休閒的面向，探討國人的休閒參與型態。分析方法採用潛在結構模式來分析城鄉居民的休閒活動參與類型，及其在不同時間點的變遷情形。研究發現1990年國人最常參與的休閒組合為「消費滿足型×自然社交型」；相對的，至2000年國人的主要休閒型態，則轉變為「物質忽略型×讀書愛樂型」的休閒活動組合。其次，在城鄉休閒參與的差異上，儘管國人休閒活動類型於1990年存在顯著的城鄉差異，然而至2000年時，城鄉休閒參與型態則有趨於同質化的情形，亦即由原本傾向理性化休閒轉變為注重感性化休閒。

The purpose of this study is threefold. First, we identified different patterns of leisure participation in Taiwan. Secondly, we focused on rural-urban differences in leisure participation in year 1990 and 2000, respectively. Finally, this paper was to investigate the changes in leisure participation of urban and rural residents in different periods. Our datasets are nationally representative survey, including 2529 individuals in 1990 and 1625 participants in 2000 obtained from the Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS). We applied Ritzer's framework of rationalization to distinguish modern leisure commodities (i.e. rationalized leisure) from traditional leisure activities (i.e. sensibilized leisure). Exploring the rural-urban differences and changes in leisure participation, we use the latent structure model to compare the leisure patterns between those who lived in rural and urban area in different periods. The results showed that the main combination of two-dimensional leisure participation in 1990 was ” satisfying consumption” and ”prefer nature and social interaction”. In contrast, the principal leisure pattern was the combination of “non-material leisure” and “prefer reading and music listening” in 2000. Although the rural and urban discrepancy in leisure participation was statistically significant in 1990, there was no evident difference between two regions in 2000. The leisure pattern has shifted from rationalized leisure to sensibilized leisure both in rural and urban areas through social change.