教育有其促進階層流動之功能，由於教育可以進行輔助的面向極廣，例如：弱勢學生在弱的部分如何維持其基本學力，在優秀的部分如何發掘潛力給予機會，如何因才適性，避免學生因經濟上之弱勢而成為教育上的弱勢，加強文化不利地區民眾及弱勢族群之終身教育，以促進教育社會均等。本文主要在探討弱勢學生的學習成就，結果發現，弱勢學生之學習成就普遍顯著低於一般學生；其次，由大學繁星計畫學生在校成績表現優於其他學生可知，政府該關注與投入弱勢學生潛力的培養；最後，本文提到弱勢學生之評量診斷與補救，以確保教育之公平性與促進階級流動等議題，期能提供給關心弱勢學生學習的人員參考。

Education has its function of promoting hierarchy mobility. Education can assist range is extremely wide. How to maintain the basic competency of disadvantaged students in the weak part and how to explore the potential of the outstanding part and give them the opportunity? Education has to be adaptive to the students’ properties and avoid the weak economy becoming disadvantaged in education. To strengthen cultural unfavorable public areas and lifelong education for disadvantaged groups to promote social equality of education is the government should do. This paper mainly discusses the disadvantaged student achievement, and finds achievement of disadvantaged students generally significantly lower than the general student. The academic performances of students from university starry plan are better than the other students in the school. Government has to pay attention and investment the issue of how to cultivate the disadvantaged students with potential. Finally, the paper provides diagnostic assessment and remediation of disadvantaged students in order to ensure the fairness of education and the promotion of hierarchy mobility issues to those who are concerned about the learning of disadvantaged students.