本研究旨在瞭解澎湖居民的生態旅遊知覺及其對發展生態旅遊的態度，進而探討居民基本資料變項與生態旅遊知覺及發展生態旅遊態度間之關係。透過問卷調查的方式，共獲有效問卷479份，經由因素分析後得到「環境意識與生態保育」、「欣賞資源與深度體驗」、「居民主導與利益回饋」、「環境教育與解說服務」與「持續就業與增加收入」等五個生態旅遊知覺構面及「要求政府確實推廣」、「積極參與生態旅遊」、「認同未來發展潛力」、「改善居民生活品質」與「改變旅遊發展模式」等五個發展生態旅遊態度構面。研究結果顯示居民之部份基本資料變項會造成其生態旅遊知覺與對發展生態旅遊態度上之差異；另外在發展生態旅遊態度上，「欣賞自然與重視保育」類型的居民比「利益導向與改善生活」類型的居民更加積極；最後由典型相關分析中得知居民的生態旅遊知覺程度愈低，對發展生態旅遊的態度就愈不積極。研究結果發現澎湖居民的生態旅遊知覺程度頗高且對發展生態旅遊的態度也很積極，建議相關單位應加速規劃生態旅遊之軟硬體設施，並持續和在地居民溝通，以利未來生態旅遊之推展。

This research explored residents’ perceptions of ecotourism and attitudes toward its development in the Pescadores (Penghu Islands), Taiwan. A total of 479 valid questionnaires were collected through mail survey. By factor analysis, five dimensions of residents’ perceptions of ecotourism were developed, “Environmental consciousness and ecological conservation”, “Resources appreciation and in-depth experience”, “Residents governance and benefits feedback”, “Environmental education and interpretive service”, and “Job continuance and salary increase”. Five other dimensions of residents’ attitudes toward ecotourism development were also developed, “Requesting the Government’s involvement in ecotourism”, “Active participation and/or involvement in ecotourism activities”, “Acknowledging the potential for future ecotourism development”, “Improving residents’ quality of life”, and “Modifying the pattern of tourism development”. Results showed that there were significant differences among residents’ sociodemographic characters in perceptions of ecotourism as well as attitudes toward its development. The cluster of “nature appreciation and conservation concentration” residents were more enthusiastic toward the development of ecotourism than those “benefit-oriented and life-improvement” residents. By canonical correlation analysis, the study found residents’ perceptions of ecotourism and attitudes toward its development were positively correlated. This study revealed that the levels of residents’ ecotourism perceptions are high and their attitudes toward its development are positive. Therefore, any related government agencies should keep constant communication with the local residents in order to develop sustainable ecotourism in the Pescadores in the future.