社會資本對健康的影響近年來在許多文獻上受到廣泛討論，本研究的目的有二，一為探討個人社會資本和健康的關系，檢驗不同型態社會資本對個人健康的影響；二為理論探討並經驗分析休閒參與是否為個人社會資本影響健康的中介因素，本研究將個人社會資本分為家庭社會和社群社會資本，以戶外休閒和自評健康分別為休閒參與和健康的操作變項。
本研究採用中央研究院社會變遷調查資料庫八十九年四期一次「正式問卷：研究問卷Ⅱ」之調查資料，分析方法為敘述性分析和結構方程模型分析。研究結果顯示個人的家庭社會資本和社群社會資本確是影響國人參與戶外休閒的重要因素，即具有良好的家人間人際網絡和信任、互惠規範的個人，以及擁有較高程度跨越家庭範圍的人際網絡的個人，較常參與戶外休閒活動。其次，個人家庭社會資本和社群社會資本同為健康的重要影響因素，即具有良好家人間人際網絡和信任、互惠規範的個人，以及擁有較高程度跨越家庭範圍的人際網絡的個人，其自評健康程度較好。戶外休閒不是家庭社會資本影響健康的中介因素，可能的解釋為戶外休閒只是社會資本影響健康的諸多中介因素之一，且非最重要的因素；此外，戶外休閒作為社群社會資本影響健康的中介因素的假設則得到支持。本研究最後針對理論、方法和結果提出檢討與建議。

It is widely recognized that social capital has a powerful impact on health. Social capital is defined as the stock of resources derived from durable relation networks and norms of trust and reciprocity which individuals and other collective actors can utilize to promote well-being. The objectives of the research are to examine the effects of social capital on health as well as the mediating effect of leisure participation between social capital and health.
After reviewing the literature, individual social capital was categorized into family social capital and community social capital. The concept of “leisure participation” and “health” was operationalized as outdoor recreation and self-rated health.
Data analyzed in this research were collected in the fourth wave’s first year survey of the research project “General Social Survey in Taiwan”. The project was conducted by the Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, and sponsored by the National Science Council, Republic of China. The sample size was 1,680 and the methods for analysis were descriptive statistics and structural equation model.
The are three important outcomes in the research. The first is that both family social capital and community social capital are significant predictors for outdoor recreation. The second is that both family social capital and community social capital are significant predictors for health. The third is that outdoor recreation is not the mediating factor between the relations of family social capital and health; but it is the mediating factor between the relationship of community social capital and health.