本文寫作的目的有四：（一）幫助傳道人、牧養同工認識「教牧關顧與輔導」的角色和定位。鑑於多年來，教牧關顧與輔導在台灣的教會界不只身份不明，牧者的認知不一，即使許多神學院校陸續開設教牧輔導、教牧協談的課程或科系，也未必明白何以「教牧關顧與輔導」須並稱成為一門課程。（二）澄清教牧關顧與輔導的緣起，它不只是一項事工，更是一門實踐性的學科。二十世紀心理學的興起，帶來教牧關顧與輔導核心價值的混淆，產生許多誤解和偏差。（三）心理學和神學在教牧關顧與輔導中扮有重要的角色，但兩者不相屬，各自獨立。教牧關顧與輔導的根基建立在神啟示的原則，而非人本主義的牧養觀。（四）教牧關顧與輔導需從個人、歷史和失去的定位中，重新找回身分的認同，特別是面對當今人類問題叢生，許多受苦者需要教牧關顧與輔導者的幫助。為回應人的問題，當代心理學有助於對人類內心活動的瞭解，心理諮商理論為教牧關顧與輔導提供實際的幫助，但無法解決人類終極的問題。教牧關顧與輔導處在心理學、基督教信仰和神學中，如何在既有的基督教牧養傳統和豐富的屬靈資產上站立得穩，以成為教會的祝福，實在值得關切。然而，危機是轉機，當人們意識到教牧關顧與輔導失去身分認同的危機時，願意奮力重新拾回其身分認同，將使教牧關顧與輔導成為教會的祝福，以服事這時代受苦的百姓。

This study aims at four goals. First, to help pastors and those in charge of pastoral ministry to have a better understanding and knowledge of pastoral care and counseling (PCC). Due to the ambiguous identity of PCC in the faith community in Taiwan, not only many pastors but also many seminary students who have started courses in pastoral counseling and its related topics might not have a clear understanding of the reasons why pastoral care and pastoral counseling should go hand in hand. Second, this paper will clarify the meaning of PCC, which is not only known as a ministry but also as a practical discipline. With the rise of the psychological movement in the twentieth century, the core value of PCC has been blurred and misunderstood by the global faith community. Third, I will argue that either psychology or theology can play a significant role in PCC, but both disciplines remain unaffiliated with each other and independent. PCC is rooted in the selfrevelation of God, not in humanism. Fourth, PCC must retrieve its lost identity from a personal and historical perspective. In the modern age people are troubled with all kinds of problems and need help from a pastoral caregiver and counselor. In responding to human problems, contemporary psychology is a helpful tool for understanding mental functions and behaviors, and the theories of psychological counseling contribute to PCC, but psychology cannot resolve the ultimate problem of humankind. In the varying contexts of psychology, Christian faith, and theology, how can PCC hold fast to the Christian pastoral traditions and the abundant spiritual heritages to become a blessing to the faith community? Viewing the crisis from a Chinese perspective we can say it has two parts: danger and opportunity. Crisis is also an opportunity for a turning point from bad to good. If people become aware of the lost identity of PCC and endeavor to retrieve it, then there is hope that the faith community will be blessed by PCC to serve all those who suffer.