進入到21世紀中國大陸與非洲國家間關係有了重大的進展，特別是在貿易投資和經濟發展方面。中國大陸提供的資金和經濟援助對當地的發展起了關鍵性的作用。隨之而來的是中國大陸的企業家、商販、技術人員、勞工紛紛搶進非洲，彼等與當地人民各種互動影響到中非的關係。中國大陸在非洲的出現和影響力已經超越了歐美國家，自然引發了後者之側目。因之，西方學者專家對於中國大陸在非洲的發展出現了不同的見解。有些主張中國大陸在非洲主要著眼於當地天然資源的開發，這樣的作為構成了一種新殖民主義的關係，而且這種說法在西方國家甚囂塵上。另外一種主張則從新自由主義的角度來詮釋，認為中國大陸的資金和開發援助有助於當地的經濟發展，至少使非洲國家沒有出現「資源詛咒」的現象。中國大陸就一再強調其在非洲地區積極協助進行基礎建設，對當地的發展貢獻良多，以此反駁之。在「新殖民主義」陰影籠罩下，中國大陸與非洲的關係是怎麼樣的型態，是如何發展呢？這是本研究的重心。

In the twenty-first century, China and Africa achieved major leaps forwardin bilateral relations, particularly in terms of trade and investment andeconomic development. China’s capital and aid play an important role in thelocal development of Africa. Following the flow of capital, Chineseentrepreneurs, retailers, technicians and laborers entered into Africa andreshaped China-Africa relations through various interactions with locals. AsChina’s presence and influence in Africa exceeded western countries, the latterbegan to direct more attention to the phenomenon.Accordingly, western scholars reached various tentative conclusions onChina’s development in Africa. Some observers argue that China has its eyestrained on Africa’s natural resources. China’s moves in Africa have given riseto a new colonial relationship with the continent --- a popular interpretation inmany western countries. An alternative reading comes from neo-liberalism andargues that Chinese capital and development aid help to drive economicdevelopment in Africa. In some sense, at least African countries have not beenbound by the “curse of resources.” In response, China has repeatedlyemphasized its role in active development of infrastructure and contributions inAfrica. Based on the above, this paper seeks to describe the contours ofChina-Africa relations and its development under the shadow of newcolonialism.