在全球化經濟競爭的年代，各國亟需提升產品和服務的品質，而提升品質則須仰賴人力的提升，也就是具備專業、高精密技術的人力。此時，完善職業教育系統和高等教育系統的分工就顯得更加重要，也就是教育系統如何培育訓練有素的各層級人力資源，例如：勞工、技術人員、專業人員，或由大專院校系統培育的高階知識份子。經濟合作暨發展組織（Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD）所宣布的職業教育政策主要有五個方向，分別是提供學生就業所需的技能、改革目前的職涯諮詢、確保教師及訓練者在職場皆有一定的工作經驗、善用職場訓練和進修，並發展工具讓相關人士投入職業教育訓練。鑑於臺灣近年高等教育擴張，讓技職學校大量升級為大專院校，OECD對於職業教育系統和在職教育的投入，實值得臺灣當下學校教育系統省思並做為借鏡。

Global economic competition increasingly requires countries to compete on the quality of goods and services. That requires a labor force with a range of mid-level trade, technical and professional skills alongside the high-level skills associated with university education. In many countries, including Taiwan, vocational education has received limited attention compared to other parts of the education system. OECD recognized the strong vocational programs increase competitiveness thus dedicated developing policies that associated with vocational education and training in order to provide the right mix of skills for the labor market, reform career guidance, ensure teachers and trainers are well-prepared with industry experience, make full use of workplace learning, and develop tools to engage stakeholders and promote transparency.