臨床上輸血技術的應用自17世紀以來已行之有年。隨著輸血應用的普及，有關輸血的臨床效益及風險已漸漸為人所了解。在眾多的輸血併發症中，其中一項致命且嚴重者即為輸血相關移植體抗宿主疾病（transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease, 簡稱TA-GvHD），因其高致死率，所以如何預防及處理便成為了臨床上重要的課題。目前臨床上主要藉由白血球減除術及血品的輻射線處理來預防TA-GvHD。本文主要介紹移植體抗宿主疾病以及相關預防措施。

Blood transfusion in some patients has been around conducted for decades. With the popularity of blood transfusion, the clinical benefits and risks of transfusion has been well reported. Among the adverse effects of transfusion, a fatal and serous one is the transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease, referred to as TA-GvHD. Because of its high mortality rate, so how to prevent its occurrence has become an important clinical issue. Leukocyte reduction and exposure of blood products to γ-irradiation are currently the standard of care for the prevention of TA-GVHD. In this article, we are trying our best to review the occurrence and pathogenesis of TA-GvHD and the methods to prevent its occurrence.