背 景：造口相關合併症是病人接受腸造口手術後普遍存在的問題，實證研究顯示發生率1272%之間。
目 的：探討腸造口病人在術後不同時間點之造口合併症發生率及預測因子。
方 法：採回溯性研究，選取某醫院2010年1月至2013年10月期間，登錄在造口個案管理資料庫之腸造口病人為研究對象。由一位造口護理師收集病人屬性、相關危險因子、造口特性、造口及造口周圍合併症等變項。
結 果：共264位腸造口病人符合收案條件。早期合併症發生率為34.5%；晚期發生率為12.7%。手術後1個月發生率最高18.2%，手術後10天內以回縮、剝離、壞死等合併症居多；造口周圍皮膚問題常見於手術後第1及3個月。造口部位、大小直徑及高度與早期合併症發生具有顯著相關(p < .05)。邏輯斯迴歸分析結果發現，造口大小直徑(OR = 3.12, p < .05)及高度(OR = 4.17, p = .00)可預測早期合併症之發生。
結論/實務應用：本研究顯示，造口合併症於術後ㄧ個月內發生率最高，且與手術因素相關。建議未來針對造口相關合併症可建立追蹤計畫及預防介入措施，以降低造口合併症的發生。

Background: Ostomy-related complications are a prevalent postoperative problem for patients who receive an enterostomy. A previous study reported a 12% to 70% incidence rate for stoma-related complications.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the incidence and predicting factors of ostomy-related complications in enterostomy patients at various time points after stoma creation.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at a single institution. The participants in this study comprised patients entered in an ostomy case-management database who underwent enterostomy from January 2010 to October 2013. The patient demographics, revelant risk factors, stoma characteristics, and stomal and peristomal complications were documented by a wound ostomy and continence nurse.
Results: A total of 264 patients were enrolled in this study (175 men and 89 women). The mean age of participants was 62.8 years. The incidence rate was 34.5% for early complications and 12.7% for late complications. Most stomal complications occurred within 1 month after surgery (48 of 264; 18.2%). The most common stomal complications that occurred within 10 days postoperative were: retraction, separation, and necrosis. Peristomal skin problems most frequently occurred within the first and the third postoperative months. Risk factors significantly associated with early complications were: stoma location, diameter, height, and peristomal skin condition (p < .05). A logistic regression analysis proved that stoma diameter (odds ratio [OR] = 3.12, p < .05) and height (OR = 4.17, p = .00) were effective in predicting the incidence of early complications.
Conclusions / Implications for Practice: This research supports that the highest rate of stoma complications occurs within the first postoperative month and that stoma complications are associated with surgical factors. In the future, postoperative follow-up programs and preventive intervention may be implemented to decrease the occurrence of stoma complications.