在犯罪問題中，暴力犯罪嚴重危害社會治安，社會也會因此付出極大的代價。本文論述與暴力行為相關的機制、抑制控制機制、衝動型與預謀型暴力行為相關的神經機制，最後，整合過去已經建立的以暴力成年犯及青少年犯為研究對象的行為與腦波研究，來了解衝動型與預謀型暴力犯在情緒與抑制的生理歷程處理上之差異。目前建立資料希望可做為評鑑暴力犯罪者的危險性的客觀指標，以及提供處遇介入的參考，希望從認知神經科學方法了解不同類型暴力行為的生理機制以及使其犯下暴力犯罪的危險因子後，提出完善的解決之道。

Among the many types of possible crimes, violent offenses in particular can pose serious problems and dangers to society. Here, the mechanisms of violent behavior, inhibitory control, and the neural circuits related to impulsive and premeditated violent behaviors are demonstrated. Previous studies providing psychophysiological indices related to emotion and inhibitory control processing in impulsive violent adult offenders and adolescents are also described. Data obtained suggest that emotion and inhibition tasks may offer an objective measure of assessment in violent populations. These tasks may prove to be diagnostic in identifying the risk of violence or the efficacy of treatment interventions in violent offenders. The neurocognitive methods used will allow us to better understand impulsive and premeditated violent behavior and to identify individuals that are at risk of committing violent crimes as well as providing a set of tasks appropriate to help solve the problems caused by violent offenses.