呼吸器相關肺炎是加護病房重要的感染問題，不僅增加病人死亡率、延長加護病房住院天數，更嚴重地影響病人預後以及整體住院之醫療品質。因此預防呼吸器相關性肺炎，須包含適當清潔儀器、定期消毒環境、落實醫療人員手部清潔及使用組合式感染管制措施等。目前以新定義來衡量預防措施的有效性，仍缺乏相關資料，未來如何有效地預防醫療照護相關感染，已成為目前感染管制的重要課題。

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an important infection that increases mortality and length of stay in ICU, and even results in poor prognosis of patients and influences the quality of inpatient medical care. Therefore, several strategies are used including adequate equipment cleaning, environmental disinfection, hand-hygiene, and the implementation of infection control bundle to prevent VAP. However, there is a lack of related information about the effectiveness of prevention strategies defined by a new definition of VAP. Infection control is an essential issue to reduce the incidence of healthcare-associated infections.