近年伴隨鄉村都市化、休閒旅遊化、以及都市移居等發展策略，帶來鄉村地區的經濟機會，卻也帶來社會關係的衝擊與影響。本研究以社會資本為題，提出鄉村地區發展的社會資本評量架構，並藉由個案研究提出鄉村發展的策略建議。研究結果除建構社會資本的五個評量指標並確認可操作性外，個案研究的比較，則發現環境背景的不同，會造成社會資本的累積在不同面向的明顯差異，資本存量的相對性，則可以作為發展現象的評估和改善策略研題的基礎，以提高鄉村地區的發展競爭力。同時也觀察到，目前台灣鄉村普遍存在的良善且和諧的鄰里社會關係，在社會資本之共同價值、人際網絡、信任機制等面向，可以被驗證；而女性願意參與的積極態度，則是社區公共事務推動的關鍵。

For responding to the global context, many strategies regarding to rural tourism innovation of agricultural productions and urban-rural immigrants drove new economy in rural areas. However, it also caused social impacts in fast changes. This study based on the social capital of the rural tries to explore and compare differences of developments and advantages in selected 8 rural areas of Taiwan by questionnaire interviewing in telephone. It concludes studies of the social capital and proposes five assessments of the social capital to discuss findings and comments of investigations. The result shows there are a considerable degree of social capital in rural and goodness and harmony neighborhood relations presented in common values networks and trust mechanisms of social capital can be verified. By the way, different rural areas will also result differences in social capital accumulation. Furthermore, it finds the women has significantly positive attitude to promote activities and is a key to promote community public affairs.