國小特殊生是指同時具有智能障礙手冊和過動症狀的國小學童。本研究是透過觀察國小特殊生在學習昆蟲世界單元的過程，目的是探討他們在自然科學習所面臨的困境。研究採個案研究法，以立意取樣方式，選取兩名不同性別的國小特殊生作為研究對象，進行教室觀察、錄音、半結構晤談和文件的資料蒐集和分析。研究結果發現他們在自然領域學習理解能力不足、學習反應時間較長、易偏好於群體的模仿、學習的參與度不高和在自然領域習作完成有困難，故本文擬分析特殊生在自然學科教育上學習困境的成因，提出輔助性的建議，以供教師從事特殊生自然學科教育的參考。

The special students in elementary school mean that the elementary school studentshave both mental retardation and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders. Theresearcher observed the special students in elementary school to learn the process aboutthe insect world units in this study. The purpose was to explore they faced the difficultin learning science. This study used case study methods and purposive samplingapproach. The subjects were two different gender special students in elementary school.Data collection and analysis conducted classroom observations, recordings,semi-structured interviews and documents. The results found that they were lack of theability to understand science, the reaction time to learn was longer, preferred to imitategroups, no high desire in participation to learn, and completed coursework in science.So this paper intended to analyze the causes of the special students in learning science.To propose supplementary suggestions provided for teachers in the reference ofteaching them to learn science.