本文主要探索中國大陸採用特區形式發展經濟誘因機制的轉變。採用特區形式發展經濟，是中國大陸自改革初期以來所使用的一種發展模式。1994年，胡鞍鋼提出「特區不特」的觀點後，「特區特不特？」即成為各界辯論的焦點，中國加入WTO後，特區發展形式更引發公平爭議。本文以中共中央批准天津濱海新區的設立與發展進行分析，認為一方面是因為中央政府對於推動經濟成長的能力有所進步；另一方面是因為內需市場的快速發展吸引外資，使得中國經濟發展模式從「特區經濟」發展模式，轉換到現在這種「特許政策」的經濟發展模式。過去「特區經濟」發展模式主要是政治部門放鬆對於經濟事務的管制，藉此反差而給予特定地區經濟發展的契機。現在各種新區的「特許政策」發展模式，則是透過非經濟政策的特許來給予特定地區經濟發展的機會。從原先的特區經濟形態，轉換到現在以主導產業帶領的形態，政府政策的重要性以及政策執行的能力也就隨之凸顯。只是，從經濟優惠到政策特許，主控大陸經濟發展基調的仍是政府政策的作為。

This article explores the changing incentive mechanisms in the Chinese special economic zones. The special economic zones established in China since reform and opening-up play an important role in the economic development. After Hu An-Gang pointed out that the special economic zone was not “special” anymore in 1994, his perspective became the focus of attention. With China’s accession to the WTO, the special economic zone model caused more disputes about fairness. In the face of criticism, however, the Chinese government still brought up the Tianjin Binhai New Area, a new special economic zone, to stimulate the development of the regional economy. This article argues that（1）the ability of the central government to promote economic growth is increasing;（2）the pattern of the economic development is changing from the special economic zones to the model of leading industrial policies. In the past, the government gave special economic zones special economic policies and allowed special economic zones to loosen regulation of economic affairs that is especially conducive to doing business that does not exist in the rest of China. Nowadays, the government permits policy privilege instead of special economic policies to the Tianjin Binhai New Area to promote economic growth. However, it is still within the limit of governmental controls of the economic development policy.