背景：目前研究結果嚼食檳榔與牙周病有相關性， 但多數的研究不止難以排除抽菸或菸草的影響，結論也 不一致。本研究欲藉由原住民地區有較多的單純嚼食檳 榔受試者，進一步分析嚼食檳榔與牙周狀況之相關性。 方法：針對屏東縣牡丹鄉原住民社區居民收集基本 資料與檳榔與菸使用習慣。口內記錄由研究者於衛生所 牙科診療室紀錄全口牙菌斑指數PI)、牙齦指數GI)、牙 周囊帶PD)與臨床牙周附連CAL)並回溯全口X光片掃 瞄後計算牙周齒槽骨破壞RABL)。受試者共120位。 結果：抽菸合併嚼食檳榔者之PI、GI、PD、CAL、 RABL皆高於僅嚼食檳榔者與對照組，但僅對照組達統 計上顯著差異。僅嚼食檳榔者PI與RABL顯著高於對照 組。將齒列分成六區分析RABL顯示僅嚼食檳榔者之上 下顎前牙區及下顎小臼齒與大臼齒區顯著高於對照組。 抽菸合併嚼食檳榔者六區之RABL皆顯著高於對照組。 結論：單純嚼食檳榔造成牙周齒槽骨破壞，而抽菸 合併嚼食檳榔讓破壞加劇，但主要之影響因素仍未明。 本研究結果可供新研究設計時參考。

Background: The studies showed that areca nut chewing associated with periodontal disease. However, most studies were difficult to exclude the impact of cigarette smoking or usage of tobacco, and conclusions were inconsistent. In this study, in aboriginal community, there were more nonsmoking areca nut chewers and could further analyze the correlation between areca nut chewing and periodontal status. Methods: There were 120 participants living in rural public health stations nearby to collect their basic information and the habits of areca nut chewing and cigarette smoking. Researcher recorded full mouth of plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss on dental clinic chair in public health station. And retrospective full mouth X-ray films were scanned to calculate radiographic alveolar bone loss. Results: smoking chewer of PI, GI, PD, CAL, RABL higher than non-smoking chewer and significantly higher than the control group. PI non-smoking chewer with RABL significantly higher. RABL non-smoking chewer in the jaw and jaw anterior region premolar and molar region significantly higher. smoking chewer 's full mouth RABL significantly higher. Conclusion: areca nut chewing without smoking cause damage to periodontal status, and chewing with smoking make aggravated damage, but the main impact factors are not entirely clear . When the new study may refer to the design of the study results.