中國的民族分離運動除了傳統的宗教、文化、民族身份差異外，仍必須檢視國際環境的變化與內部的社會經濟的差異性格。以新疆為例，傳統上的「原生性」差異並沒有太大變化，但是「國際因素」則明顯的由俄羅斯、蘇聯轉換到美、歐等非中國的地緣性國家身上。此外，社會經濟差異化加快，並加大「原生性」差異的鴻溝，深化了新疆內部的矛盾性。本文試圖藉由上述幾個面向重新檢視新疆問題。

As referring to the movements of Nationality Separatism in China, it must consider changes of international circumstances and diversities of internal social economy, other than traditional religions, cultures, and nationality differences. Taking Xinjiang as an example, there is no significant change in traditionally primitive diversities; however, influential factors of external surroundings are obviously transforming from Russia, Soviet Union into non-Chinese geopolitical countries such as America, Europe and so on. Moreover, it accelerates differences in social economy, enlarges distance in primitives and deepens internal contradiction of Xinjiang. This study is planning to survey Xinjiang’s situation from the above factors.