為探討河川和湖泊溫室氣體排放量，測定臺灣南部高屏溪和澄清湖之環境條件、水質、二氧化碳和甲烷 排放情形。高屏溪上游、中游、下游和澄清湖之大氣二氧化碳濃度分別為292-430、295-453、328-476和302- 449 ppm，而大氣甲烷濃度分別為1.70-2.09、1.71-3.10、1.70-2.86和1.18-3.60 ppm。以棕色瓶上部空間量測法測 定二氧化碳濃度時，其濃度分別為198-5,437、1,077-8,584、3,977-10,839和1,537-9,902 ppm，而甲烷濃度分別為 2.8-231.0、38.9-881.2、75.3-983.1和31.5-4,321.5 ppm。以靜置罩法測定二氧化碳排放速率分別為-51.3-209.3、-9.6- 232.4、-25.7-265.8和-155.9-217.1 mg m-2 h-1，而甲烷排放速率分別為0.05-1.52、0.05-4.50、0.26-6.12和0.02-2.68 mg m-2 h-1。上部空間量測甲烷濃度法與靜置罩法測定甲烷排放速率間有相關性。供試河川甲烷排放與溶氧量(DO) 間有極顯著負相關、與氧化還原電位(Eh)間有顯著負相關、與甲烷濃度、二氧化碳濃度和總鹼性(ALK)有極顯著 正相關、與電導度(CD)間有顯著正相關性。供試河川二氧化碳排放與上部空間量測甲烷濃度間有顯著正相關性。 供試湖泊甲烷排放與總鹼性間有極顯著正相關，與氧化還原電位(Eh)、生物需氧量(BOD)和化學需氧量(COD)間 有顯著正相關性。高屏溪2003至2007年由河川流入海洋之年碳流量推估介於3.7 × 105和1.7 × 106 tons之間。

To quantify the greenhouse gas emissions from rivers and lakes, environmental conditions, water qualities, carbon dioxide and methane emissions were determined in the up-, mid- and down-stream areas of Kaoping River and Chenching Lake. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations were 292-430, 295-453, 328-476 and 302- 449 ppm, respectively, and atmospheric methane concentrations were 1.70-2.09, 1.71-3.10, 1.70-2.86 and 1.18- 3.60 ppm, respectively. By using the headspace method with brown color bottle, carbon dioxide concentrations were determined as 198-5,437, 1,077-8,584, 3,977-10,839 and 1,537-9,902 ppm, respectively, and methane concentrations fell into the range of 2.8-231.0, 38.9-881.2, 75.3-983.1 and 31.5-4,321.5 ppm, respectively. By using the static-chamber method, carbon dioxide emission rates were -51.3-209.3, -9.6-232.4, -25.7-265.8 and -155.9-217.1 mg m-2 h-1, respectively, and methane emission rates were 0.05-1.52, 0.05-4.50, 0.26-6.12 and 0.02- 2.68 mg m-2 h-1, respectively. There is a positive correlation between methane concentration with the headspace method and emission rate with the static-chamber method. Methane emission was very significantly negativelycorrelated with dissolved oxygen (DO), significantly negatively-covrelatived with redox potential (Eh), and very significantly positively-correlated with methane concentration, carbon dioxide concentration using the head-space method, total alkalinity (ALK), and conductivity (CD) in the tested river. Carbon dioxide emission in the tested river had positive correlation with methane concentration by the head-space method. Methane emission in the test lake had very significantly positive correlation with alkalinity (ALK), significantly positive correlation with redox potential (Eh), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The annual carbon flows from Kaoping River into ocean from 2003 to 2007 were estimated between 3.7 × 105 and 1.7 × 106 tons.