「禮」在先秦是一個重要的課題，在殷商的時候，是屬於祭祀儀式的宗教性活動，然到了西周卻開始產生質的變化。時至春秋、戰國，禮的延伸範圍進一步擴大，甚至成為了國家發展的不可缺之要素，具體表現在人的身上則形成了禮儀的身體。關於禮儀的身體，一直存在兩種不同的聲音：儒家對禮儀身體的歌頌和道家對禮儀身體的批評。若把儒道放到廿一世紀的脈絡來思考當代的意義，就不能不藉由西方的近現代資源來省思當中的問題。藉由傅柯的眼光來看禮儀身體所產生的規訓問題，《孟》、《莊》都有其自身一套的回應方式，而這兩種不同的身體觀，背後有其倫理關懷的角度之不同。如何思考《孟》、《莊》的倫理學？本文先採取冥契主義的體驗做為兩者的倫理學實踐之根源，同時強調兩者都可以統合內、外型的冥契主義，奠定了《莊子》的在世性格，而不是走向隱逸的烏托邦似的理想世界。另外，也點出《孟》、《莊》的倫理學都觸及自身與他人、自然萬物的關係，但也凸顯了兩者的基本差異在於前者從人擴充到宇宙，而後者則從自然宇宙走向人間世。凸顯《孟》、《莊》的差異重點不是要做靜態的比較，而是希望可以讓兩者產生更為豐富的對話之可能，以在經過後現代主義洗禮後的當代，重新找到一種倫理思維的可能性。

Ritual and propriety is a very important theme in Pre-Qin. Ritual and propriety belonged to religious activities on Shang Dynasty but had changed fundamentally during the Western Chou Dynasty. By the Spring and Autumn period and Warring States Period, the meaning of propriety and ritual had expanded and had even become an integral part of the nation’s development. If people live in an environment imbued with the ideas of propriety, they will naturally behave in a manner in line with the rules of propriety, which is called “ the body of ritual.” There had been two opinions on the idea of the body of ritual; Confucianism advocates the body of ritual and Taoism criticize it. If we need to put Confucianism and Taoism into the context of 21 century to think about their modern meaning, we should use western resources to ponder them. The problem of discipline arising from the body of ritual from the perspective of Foucault can be responded by two different thinking systems of Mencius and Zhuangzi with different perspective on ethical care. How do we think about ethics of Mencius and Zhuangzi? First, this paper bases their ethical practices on the mysticism and underscores that both are able to integrate mysticism with extroversive mysticism, laying the foundation of Zhuangzi’s personality of getting attached instead of getting detached. Secondly, the paper also points out that Mencius and Zhuanhzi’s ethics are relevant to the relations between individuals and others, individuals and the nature and also emphasizes that what distinguish the two is that the former’s ethical practice is from human to nature, otherwise the latter’s is from nature to human.