臨床上頭部創傷患者之認知缺損與情緒違常顯而易見。雖然國外已有許多研究分析該群患者之神經行為異常，國內卻未見相關議題之探討。有鑑於此，本文首先回顧過去文獻中頭部創傷病人之認知功能障礙，包括訊息處理、注意力、記憶力與執行功能等之缺損；其次則整理患者情緒與行為異常之文獻，例如：抑制困難與冷漠症候群等。由過去研究可知，創傷後之神經行為異常甚為常見，並且造成患者社會與職業功能上的障礙。對於頭部創傷患者之神經行為功能，國內亟需發展一套較為詳細之臨床衡鑑模式，以利後續之復健與治療。

Cognitive ill!d behavioral di~tuiban(e~ after traumati' brain injury (1BI) are nut unrnmmun in dinic.:al pralti(e. Although the neurobehavioral consequences following TBI are richly documented in the western literature, studies on this topic in T aiwan are still limited in scope and numbe1 The present article first reviews the cognitive problems after head traumas, including deficits in information processing, memo!}' . and executive functions. Meanwhile, emotional and behavioral disturbances, such as the disinhibition and apathy syndromes that occur after trauma, are also discussed. There is a variety of neurobehavioral disturbances after TBI, which can be severely detrimental to the patient's social and occupa - tional functioning, There is a necessity to establish a comprehensive assessment of neuropsychological deficits following TBI in T aiwan, with linkage to cognitive and/or behavioral remediation.