Background: Job satisfaction has become a critical issue for healthcare organizations, particularly in nursing, because of the shortage of nursing labor, the effect on patient care, and the associated costs. This study explores the factors that influence the level of job satisfaction of nurses working in one regional hospital in Oman. Purpose: This study aims to measure the job satisfaction of nurses working at a regional hospital inOman and to determine the factors that most significantly influence this satisfaction. Job satisfaction is measured using the McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale. In addition, the demographic characteristics of participants (age, gender, level of education, years of experience, marital status, work shift, work unit, and nationality) are obtained to assess potential correlations. Methods: A questionnaire survey was used to collect the data, and stratified random sampling was used to recruit potential participants. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from 155 participants who worked at one regional hospital in Oman, with survey data analyzed using SPSS version 19. One hundred forty-three valid responses were received (response rate: 92%). The study used descriptive data analysis to address the first research question and used analysis methods such as multiregression analyses, and one-way analysis of variance to identify the relationships between the other variables. Results: The overall mean score for satisfaction was 3.49, indicating that participants had amoderate level of job satisfaction. ‘‘Interaction with coworkers’’ and ‘‘extrinsic reward’’ earned, respectively, the highest and lowest job satisfaction ratings on the subscale of McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale. The results showed that age, work shift, and nationality each had a statistically significant effect on overall job satisfaction. A multiple regression analysis indicated that 21.8%of the total variance in the dependent variables was explained by being non-Omani in nationality, indicating that that overall job satisfactionwas higher in non-Omani nurses than in Omani nurses. Conclusions: The result suggests that professional opportunity and extrinsic reward are two important factors that affect the job satisfaction of nurses in Oman. Addressing these two factors effectivelymay help improve the quality of nursing care inOman. Furthermore, this study may be conducted more widely in government hospitals in Oman to validate the identified factors and to identify additional factors that may affect job satisfaction.