隨著盛行率的增加，肥胖(obesity) 已成為嚴重的健康問題。肥胖會增加死亡率，會增加 得到許多慢性病的風險，包括糖尿病、高血壓、心血管疾病及某些癌症等。肥胖也會增加得 到腎臟病(kidney disease)的風險，包括慢性腎臟病、腎結石及腎臟癌症等和加速慢性腎臟病 的惡化。肥胖與腎臟病之間的關係是複雜的，被許多相關的因素所影響。關於肥胖相關的腎 臟病，減重(weight loss)處置對腎臟可能有益處，減重處置可能是防治肥胖相關腎臟病的重要 策略，但這仍需更多的研究證實。本篇文章主要回顧肥胖與腎臟病之間的關係、其中的機轉 及相關的因素、減重處置包括減重手術(bariatric surgery) 對肥胖相關腎臟病可能的影響。

The rising prevalence of obesity has become a major health problem worldwide. Obesity increases the risk of mortality and several chronic diseases, such as type II diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and several cancers. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that obesity increases the risk of kidney diseases, including chronic kidney disease, renal stone and renal cancer, and increases the progression of chronic kidney disease. The underlying mechanism is complex and involves many factors. Weight loss intervention may have beneficial effect on renal condition and may be one of the treatment strategies for obesity related kidney diseases. This article reviews the relationship of obesity and kidney disease, the potential mechanism and contributing factors for the effects of obesity on kidney diseases, and the possible effect of weight loss intervention, including bariatric surgery on kidney diseases. (J Intern Med Taiwan 2015; 26: 186-195)