改革開放以來，農村所發生的經濟、社會變遷推動著中國鄉村治理結構的轉型，也催生了村民自治這一新型的基層民主制度。在村民自治這一制度架構下， 一種基於治理理念的新型農村社會治理模式成為可能，即以村民委員會民主選舉 制度為核心，以村務公開為制度保障，通過培育具有自主治理性質的鄉村社團組織，發掘傳統鄉村社會的文化資源，將制度創新與本土資源的發掘結合起來。

Since 1980, the economic and social changes happened in mral society push the transformation of China's rural governance structure, and gave birth to a new type of villager autonomy system of democracy at the grassroots level. Under the framework of villagers' autonomy system, a new type of mral social governance based on the theory of governance becomes possible, that is, to take the villagers committee democratic election system as the core and the open village affairs as institutional guarantee, and through cultivating the niral community organizations with independent management properties to explore the traditional village social cultural resources and combine system innovation and local resources.