病人醫療人權之保障是國家應負擔的義務與國民應享有的權利，「邱小妹人球案」暴露台灣急重症病人醫療人權未受重視的問題，此議題值得醫護人員重視。本文說明醫療人權之概念與發展，討論醫療人權之權利體系與架構、醫療正義與急重症病人醫療人權保障，並就實踐醫療人權之問題提出解決對策。本文期望醫護人員能瞭解醫療人權之理論與實務以落實急重症病人醫療人權之保障。

Issue in rights of patients and health care is essential for medical professionals. The issue remains unsolved in observing at case of Qiu younger sister. Protecting to patients’ right and health care is a national obligation as well as a human’s right. This article first explains the concept and development for the rights of patients and health care. Next, the authors discuss the theoretical construct, medical justice, protection to acute and sever patients in rights of patients and health care. Finally, a solution suggesting the practice to rights of patients and health care is provided. It is hoped that this article will assist health care providers in understanding the operation of and observing the protection to acute and sever patients in rights of patients and health care.