這幾年中國在釣魚台、南海與鄰國的領土主權爭議態度轉趨強硬，其實中國在中印邊界的 糾紛，自2006年也轉趨修正而變得更激進，但中印邊界潛在衝突卻一直為外界所忽略。然而， 中國在中印邊界態度的轉變，與東海與南海海域糾紛不同，對區域安全的衝擊與結果也不同， 本文認為，中印邊界爭議，不像南海糾紛，美國等大國並沒有扮演重要角色，本文試圖從 Benjamin Miller的「國族與民族不平衡」的分析架構來闡述，治理西藏問題為中國帶來嚴重的 不安全感，促使中國在1980年中期與2006年，二度修正對中印邊界的主張，尤其是最近十 年，中國重申對印度的阿魯納恰爾邦與藏傳佛教重鎮賴旺的領土主張，再度使邊界協商陷入僵 局；同時中國為控制西藏，加強基礎建設與軍事部署，被印度解讀為中印邊界的安全威脅，使 印度也在邊界加大基礎建設與部署軍隊，變成雙方進行基礎建設與軍事部署的競賽，加上印度 頻頻指控中國入侵中印邊界，使中印邊界問題雪上加霜。西藏問題所引起國族與民族的衝突， 是加劇雙方安全困境的主因之一。

China's attitude has been changed to its foreign policy over maritime territorial disputes in Diaoyutai (釣魚台）islands and the South China Sea with its neighbors. Also, China has become more assertive in its border dispute with India since 2006. However, the irritants of Sino-Indian border disputes were often neglected by analysts and security establishments. Unlike the territorial disputes in East China Sea (東海）and South China Sea (南海），the great power involvement, such as the US, has been played a limited role in the Sino-Indian border dispute. This paper applies an IR theorist Benjamin Miller’s theoretical approach- state-to-nation imbalance - in order to identify the factors of influencing Sino-Indian border disputes in regional and domestic level of analysis. Therefore, this paper highlights the state-to-nation imbalance derived from the Tibet (西藏問題）issue, which is an underlying factor to contribute to Chinese revisionist claims on Sino-Indian border disputes. Given its insecurity on Tibet, China revised its territorial claim on India’s Arunachal Pradesh and Tawang, thus putting the boundary negotiation into deadlock. Meanwhile, China’s moves of strengthening infrastructure and increasing deployment of troops in Tibet were perceived by India as a security threat; therefore, it caused mutual military competition and premeditated ‘border intrusion’ along the Sino-Indian borders, which in turn intensified Sino-Indian security dilemma.