本文從「補償性正義」與美國憲法裁判之角度，主張應給予黑人優惠待遇：一•以本文對「補償性正義」之見解，作爲黑人優惠待遇的理論基礎;二•評析聯邦最高法院對有關案例採取「嚴格審查」(strict scrutiny)立場之不適切，並建議改用「合理法則」化(rational basis test)作爲裁判基準。

This paper argues for preferential treatment of American blacks in light of compensatory justice and constitutional adjudication. It first proposes a theory of group compensation to justify preference for blacks, and then proceeds along this line to urge for the substitution of the rational basis test for “strict scrutiny，” which the Supreme Court has consistently relied upon in affirmative action cases but which this paper finds to be an unwarrantably harsh brand of judicial review.