The recent vegetation of Nan Jen Shan has been studied by pollen analysis of surface deposits. Through comparison of present vegeta lion with pollen spectra, the recent vegetation of Nan Jen Shan was composed chiefly of Fagaccac, Lauraceae, Myrtaceac, llliciaceac, Daphnip hyllaccac, Magnoliaccac, and Thcaccac, almost identical lo the present ones. The pollen spectra did not reflect the present dominant species well. Generally speaking, they were under-represented, except most taxa of Fagaceae and Magnoliaceac showed over-represented. The vegetation formula can be expressed with the correction factor method (R-value) as:Aglaomorpha and Davallia, ihc epiphytic ferns, were almost disappeared in the present vegetation, but abundantly appeared in the spore spectra, thus a close canopy of recent vegetation could be inferred. Dicranopteris and Diplazium, especially D. donianum, ihe heliophytic and sciophytic ferns, their percentage in the spore spectra could be used as an indicator of open vs. close, or dry vs. humid vcgctaiion of this area.