ECFA的簽訂，代表兩岸關係的新里程碑，也標誌著兩岸「後ECFA時期新合作」的開始。本文分析ECFA簽訂之後，中小企業台商如何從非制度化交易的模式，轉而成為制度化交易，以便降低交易成本，同時，也降低中小企業台商在大陸經營的風險成本，進而達到制度化的經營目標與營造一個良好的制度環境。期望未來兩岸投資保障協定的洽簽，讓中小企業台商在大陸的投資能有一個「制度化」的發展，也相對地降低了中小企業台商非制度化的交易成本。

The signing of Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) represents the new milestone of the cross-Straits relations. It does not mean to settle the ECFA problems but embarks a new era of post-ECFA relations cross-Straits. This article analyzes that, for the post ECFA period, how Taiwanese SMEs transform from non-institutionalized transaction model to institutionalized transaction model to reduce their transaction costs, enhance transparency and reduce the operating costs and risk costs in the operation of their business in China. It is expected that with the establishment of cross-straits investment protection agreement, it will protect SMEs from occurring non-institutionalized transaction costs and create a favorable institutional environment for SMEs in China.