外傷性腦損傷患者會遭受生理和神經系統上廣泛性損傷，如姿勢控制、行走功能和心肺耐力等缺 損，以上缺損會根據腦部損傷的嚴重度而持續數天甚至數年。一般認為運動訓練介入對於外傷性 腦損傷患者可能會有正向作用，本文獻之目的在探討不同類型的運動訓練介入對於改善外傷性腦 損傷患者之姿勢控制、行走功能和心肺耐力之效果。利用PubMed、Scopus線上資料庫和華藝線上 圖書館，共有13篇研究完全符合納入標準，其中文獻品質使用皮卓量表（PEDro)評分，而實證 證據等級依據牛津大學實證醫學中心醫學文獻證據等級分類。十三篇研究共分為⑴姿勢控制；（2) 行走功能；⑶心肺耐力1分別討論運動訓練對其之效果。本文獻回顧發現不同的運動訓練|如傳 統物理治療、常規運動計劃、虛擬實境遊戲治療、節律運動、機器輔助行走治療等可對於外傷 性腦損傷患者之姿勢控制、行走功能和心肺耐力具有正向效果。這篇研究限制是運動訓練介入方 式、研究方法和結果測量方法皆不太一致。在未來的研究和實驗中，必須更進一步考量和整合結 果測量之選擇、研究設計與治療方法標準化等方面來改善外傷性腦損傷之身體缺損。

Individuals of traumatic brain injury (TBI) present a broad spectrum of physical or neurological impairments, such as lack of postural control, locomotor function and endurance, which may last from a few days up to few years depending on the injury^ severity. Interventions of physical exercises are commonly suggested and may have beneficial effects in patients with TBI. The current review is intended to investigate the possible efficacy of different types of exercise interventions on improving postural control, locomotor function and endurance in individuals with TBI. Using appropriate search terms in PubMed, Scopus database and Airiti Library, vve identified 13 studies which fully met the inclusion criteria. The quality of studies was further determined by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale and strength by Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine-Level of Evidence. Thirteen studies were grouped into three sub-groups for further discussion of each beneficial effect of exercise training, including (1) postural control, (2) locomotor function and (3) cardiorespiratory endurance. We found that the evidence in support of different types of exercise training, such as traditional physical therapy, conventional exercise program, game-based virtual reality (VR) therapy, rhythmic exercises, robotic-assisted locomotor therapy, which may have the positive benefits in improving postural control, gait and endurance after TBI. The limitations of the study were the heterogeneity of interventions, methodology and study outcomes. Further consideration and conformity in the choice of outcome measures and attention in the design and standardization of therapeutic approaches will be essential in future research and advanced practice for improving physical im-pakment following TBI.