臨床診療指引（clinical practice guidelines, CPGs）， 係透過系統性文獻回顧來綜整與實證相關之最佳 疾病照護方式，以協助醫療團隊及病人做最適 當的醫療決策，並提供具效能（effective）及效 率（efficient）之照護模式，進而增進臨床照護品 質。近年來，中央健康保險署與國家衛生研究院 已分別針對國人常見之重大疾病出版相關之臨床 指引，2015年發行之「台灣慢性腎臟病臨床診 療指引」（Taiwan Chronic Kidney Disease Clinical Guidelines）即為一例。因此，本文藉簡介此臨床 診療指引之重點，來說明臨床診療指引的發展過 程。此外，亦介紹台灣現有之本土護理相關指引 及其發展過程，期能拋磚引玉，催生腎臟護理相 關指引，以提升國內腎臟照護之水準。

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), representing the current best-practice guidelines and recommendations for care, are supported by systematic review and evidence-based research. CPGs provide an effective and efficient approach to caring for patients and improving quality of care. Recently, the National Health Insurance Administration and National Institutes of Health developed CPGs for major diseases in Taiwan. This paper introduces the process that was used to develop one of these CPGs, the Taiwan Chronic Kidney Disease Clinical Guidelines, which was published in 2015. Further, we introduce the general development of published nursing guidelines in Taiwan. These CPGs are expected to initiate various renal-care guidelines and to promote the quality of renal care in the country.