早期法蘭克福學派社會批判理論思想家與理論家是時代的精神分析師。對他們而言，技術或工具理性就是宰制的理性或意識型態自身。他們提供了許多解決分案。這些解放性研究方案，揭開潛在技術社會與大眾文化工業之中的理性病理，為絕望的人，提供未來無限的希望，這是彌賽亞力量的開展，與救贖承諾的兌現。於本文，筆者首先耙梳早期社會批判理論診斷社會病理的觀點（以Horkheimer、Adorno與Marcuse為例）。其次，筆者將鋪陳早期社會批判理論圖構解放的進路。最後，筆者宣示社會批判理論的不死，並針對社會批判理論的理論困境與典範轉移進行討論。

The Early Frankfurt school thinkers and theorists, who developed critical analysis of the changes in Western capitalist societies, can be regarded as “philosophical psychoanalyst” of modern society. For them, a technological or instrumental rationale is the rationale or ideology of domination itself. Therefore, they provide many feasible solutions and projects. These emancipative research projects reveal the rational pathology in the technology society and the culture industry, and offer infinite hope to a desperate man. This is the Messiah power development and the realization of messianic redemption commitments. This thesis is divided into three parts: In the first part, the author will sort out the diagnosis of social pathologies in early social critical theory (take Horkheimer, Adorno and Marcuse for example). The second part of the thesis, the author will discuss these critical emancipative approaches offered by early social critical theorists. In the conclusion, the author will declare the undead social critical theory, and discuss the theoretical dilemma and the paradigm shift of social critical theory.