臺灣截至目前，共已成立六座國家公園；另有兩座已遭緩議、一座（馬告 國家公園）目前刻正規劃中。這些相關的九座國家公園當中，至少超過一半涉 及原住民部落的生活空間。由於國家公園的建制歷程，係伴隨著國家體制的轉 型，從威權體制到解嚴以後社會力的更加勃興，原住民與國家公園發生多起衝 突事件，原住民要求還我土地，甚至瓦解新國家公園的設置。但是這其間，原 住民的自主意識究竟如何興起？其行動又是如何發揮力量？則備受_目。 本文主要從國家、社會的相關理論，透過田野調査及深度訪談方法，發現 在威權體制下國家公園的設立，幾乎都是國家意志的展現，並未尊重原住民的 自主意識，因此，國家公園得以快速設置；但在社會轉型後，原住民參與政治 空間變大，又受到現代知識的啓蒙、大眾傳播的影響，以及臺灣社會運動的相 互聲援，開始改採有計畫、有組織的行動策略，因而能有效地杯葛國家公園的 設置。但是，不設國家公園對原住民就一定有利嗎？況且，國家公園亦肩負國 土保育、維護「跨代正義」的功能，對原住民也不盡然全盤不利。本文建議在 國家社會重組的過程，國家公園當局亦應適時調整其組織行爲與行動策略，才 有可能共同建構一個永續的社會。

Currently, there are 6 national parks established in Taiwan; with another 2 subject to further discussion, and a final one (Makau National Park) now under planning. Amongst these nine related national parks, more than half of them are concerned with the living space of aboriginal tribes. As the process of establishing national parks is related, at least in part, to the transformation of the government structure, numerous conflicts occurred between the aborigines and national parks from the time when martial law was lifted to the more dynamic social power of today. With their demands for the return of their lands and even the removal of national park status, how has the awareness of autonomy of the aborigines arisen and in what ways in their power manifest? Currently, these matters are gaining increasing attention. This essay is based mainly on social theories about state. Through field studies and interviews in depth, this study has found the establishment of the national parks under the authoritarian government is almost the expression of national identities.Respect has never been given to the awareness of autonomy of the aborigines, and therefore, the national parks could be established promptly. However, after the transformation of Taiwanese society, there was more room for aboriginal people to engage in politics. Being further enlightened by contemporary knowledge, being influenced by the mass media, and receiving the mutual support of the Taiwan Society Movement, they started to adopt planned and organized strategies for their actions, and thus became able to boycott the establishment of national parks effectively. However, would it be favorable to the aborigines if there were no establishment of national parks? Furthermore, since national parks bear the function of conservation of national land, and thus maintain "intergenerational justice", they are not exactly unfavorable to the aborigines. This study suggests that during the process of national and social reformation, the authorities concerned with the national parks should make adequate adjustment to its organizational behavior and implementation strategies to ensure the creation of a sustainable society.