如何維持骨骼組織顯微結構的完整性，從而維護骨骼健康，一直是銀髮族或運動選手等族群高度 關注的議題。時至今時，適度的運動仍被認為是維持骨骼健康的最佳處方。運動所誘發的局部發炎反 應曾被視為是有害骨骼健康的因素之一。然而近期的研究卻指出，在癒合的過程中，局部發炎是一個 受傷後復原的關鍵發展時期。運動過程中往往導致對骨骼內的微小損傷，其所產生的發炎反應可能是 損傷後的表現，對骨骼組織而言，亦可能是癒合與生長的開始。運動訓練所誘發的局部發炎反應，主 要由核因子kB (Neuclear factor kappa B, NF-kB) 負責相關的訊息號傳遞工作。對於研究者而言，NF-kB 路徑作用為何有待進一步釐清，這條訊息傳遞路徑的功能暨多元又神秘，實難以一窺全貌並釐清交互 作用關係。就目前可知的證據顯示，運動所誘發的發炎反應可能與NF-kB 路徑高度相關，並藉此影 響單核球的分化與細胞融合，從而引導導致運動過程中骨質代謝走向。本文藉由目前現有之證據，彙 整探討運動對於骨質代謝中NF-kB 路徑所扮演的角色。

Maintaining skeleton micro integrity during aging process had fascinate lots attention among multiple populations including elders and athletes. For now, exercise remain to be the optimal prescription for keeping skeleton healthy. Local inflammation responses induced by exercise use to be considered as detrimental factors for bone health, however, recent evidence indicated that local inflammation was the key components for healing process. Exercise-induced micro damage within skeleton which cause local inflammation could be either the beginning of healing and growth or destruction of it. Among all the signal transduction pathway responsible for exercise-induced local inflammation, Neuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway was the most multi-function and mysterious one. As far as we can research, NF-kB pathway might be responsible for exercise-induced local inflammation and following event including cell differentiation along with cell to cell fusion of monocyte which consequently lead to osteopenia during exercise. Based on current recordable publications, effects of exercise on bone metabolism via NF-kB pathway were discussed.