咸認爲審議式民主擴大人們參與公共事務的途徑亦彌補代議政治 之不足。惟論者皆假設參與審議者是理性包容和尊重他人立場者，卻 鮮少提及人性追求私利的實際面及審議如何因應私利可能的以私害公 等破壞或利用審議式民主之舉。韓非則直接切入私利並提出相應之論 解決以私害公的弊病。本文乃以韓非政治思想中人性逐利之論探討審 議式民主之理想化假設，並引韓非思想反思審議式民主，期望爲審議 式民主排除困境，並爲其實踐提出可能。

Deliberative democracy argues that expanding citizens’ participation in public affairs can compensate for the limitations of representative democracy. However, almost all of the arguments for deliberative democracy assume that participants are rational, tolerant and respect others’ interests. These arguments rarely take into account the self-interested side of human nature or address how deliberative democracy can resolve the problems of self-interested participation which harms the public interest. Han Fei directly points out the selfishness of human nature and suggests solutions to the problem of self-interested behavior causing harm to the public interest. This article applies Han Fei’s thought regarding human self-interest to examine the idealized assumptions of deliberative democracy. The study hopes to contribute to a reexamination of deliberative democracy that could help to resolve its inherent dilemmas and enhance the possibility for its realization in practice.