本研究針對英國、美國、德國等先進國家教育研究中之審查機制進行比較，說明教育研究審查機制中的可能問題，並進一步指出各國及我國在教育研究審查機制上的建議。經比較分析的結果，本研究指出教育研究審查機制的問題有：研究審查機制的可靠性及公平性問題；以及「同儕審查」機制實施的可靠性問題。最後，本研究建議：一、同儕審查機制需建立「後設評鑑」；二、審查者及委員會委員需能充分實踐圓熟且具「論證力」的專業性之審核水準；三、鼓勵建立科際整合或跨界的審查者之聘用及培育制度；四、宜建立審查措施與不合適性的懲罰機制。

This paper attempts to explore the current situation of educational research review, assessment and ethical mechanisms in the UK, USA and Germany, and to understand the merits and the shortcomings of the mechanism and the ways to improve the mechanism in those countries. This exploration is based on the perspective of comparative education and the viewpoints of ideas of academic tribe of T. Becher to criticize the peer review mechanism. The research result includes, firstly, peer review system gradually developed in the 1950’s, and become a common mechanism of academic gatekeeper in educational research quality. Secondly, to make an academic excellence, the peer review is asked to be fairness and professional, specialize in a variety of “procedural justice” design. Thirdly, anonymous or not in the peer review depends on the subculture of different countries or academic communities. Fourthly, improving malpractice in ethics and reliability of peer review.