良性膽道狹窄在臨床上是不常見但非常具有挑戰性的情況，治療上常需要多科別，跨團 隊的評估與支援。良性膽道狹窄可因不同的病因包含不同的臨床表現。診斷良性膽道狹窄常 常是被忽視且延遲的。在選擇治療方式之前，區分良性與惡性狹窄是很重要的。會造成良性 膽道狹窄是因為膽道經由不同的原因傷害後，發炎反應開始進行，接著跟隨著纖維化而後膽 道狹窄。常見的原因有：一、手術後膽道傷害。二、胰臟炎。三、肝移植術後的膽道狹窄。 外科手術是過去傳統治療良性狹窄的方式，但是合併有明顯的發病率和死亡率。在過去的十 年中，內視鏡治療良性膽道狹窄已成為普遍的方式。內視鏡治療的方式主要是以膽道氣球擴 張伴隨塑膠多支架置放與暫時性金屬支架置放為主流，有些情況也需要介入性X 科醫師的協 助才能達成目標。

Benign biliary stricture is an uncommon but challenging clinical condition that requires a multidisciplinary approach for management. The diagnosis of biliary stricture is often missed or delayed because of its indolent course. Benign strictures usually develop due to damage to the bile ducts during surgery or trauma to the abdomen; a recurring condition, such as chronic pancreatitis or cholelithiasis with chronic cholangitis. After the injury, an inflammatory response ensues, which is followed by fibrosis and narrowing of the bile duct lumen. Surgery, the traditional mainstay of treatment for benign biliary strictures is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic treatment of BBS has become widely used in the last decade with the advance of the design of fully covered self expanding metal stents. (J Intern Med Taiwan 2016; 27: 179-183)