習近平上台就提及「中國夢」，深化國防和軍隊改革是實現中國夢、強軍夢的時代要求，是 強軍興軍的必經之路，也是決定軍隊未來的關鍵。中共軍事改革係按照「軍委管總、戰區主戰、 軍種主建」原則，將總參謀部、總政治部、總後勤部、總裝備部四總部改為由中央軍委領導的 15 個職能部門，「多部門制」有助軍委實現其職能，鞏固黨對軍隊的絕對領導。另成立聯合作戰 指揮中心，直接指揮五大戰區作戰。探究軍改執行原因，第一在劃清部門職能，集中軍權於中央 軍委會；第二在增強部隊組織，打贏資訊化局部戰爭能力；第三在肅清軍隊貪腐勢力，清洗將派 餘孽，培植習派人馬。 共軍軍事改革估計削減30 萬人，於2020 年獲得具體成效。中共雖表示裁軍是對國際社會的 善意回應，但本研究發現，學者及鄰國普遍認為，軍改有助共軍提高戰鬥效能，加深對周邊國家 的軍事威脅性。本文藉由文獻分析法蒐羅中共、外電、我國學者等多方評論，探討習近平軍事改 革背景因素、具體內容、預期目標，預判軍改後共軍發展，並提出相應建議。

President Xi Jinping said deepening defense and military reforms is a crucial step for the military's future, a sure path to a strong military, and a call of the time to realize the Chinese dream as well as a strong military dream. According to the rules stipulating that “the CMC takes charge of the overall administration of the Chinese People's, " battle zone commands focus on combats, " and "different military services pursue their own construction," Xi Jinping takes some steps to promote military reforms. China has reorganized its four military headquarters, that is, General Staff, General Politics, General Logistics and General Armaments into 15 new agencies under the Central Military Commission (CMC). It means that the multi-departments structure will help the CMC function better and is conducive to consolidating the absolute leadership of the Party over the armed forces. In addition, President Xi Jinping set up joint operations command center to command and control the five theater commands. There are some reasons for military reforms. First, make sure the division of functions and centralize military power in the Central Military Commission. Second, strengthen the forces of the organization to have the ability to win the Information warfare local war. Third, eliminate corruption forces and the Jiang Zemin’s henchmen in the army, and cultivate Xi people. The military reform is estimated to cut 300,000 people in 2020 to obtain specific results. Although the Chinese Communists have indicated that disarmament is agoodwill to respond to the international community, but the scholars of the Chinese Communist Party and neighboring countries generally agreed that the military reform would help the military to improve its combat effectiveness and threat the neighbor countries. This paper discusses the factors, specific contents, expected objectives of the reform, the development of the communist army, and the reaction of the neighboring countries after the military reform, and puts some suggestions about how to improve the security of our country.