現行4G頻段的使用率已經達到飽和， 為了提升服務品質，在5G系統預計將會開放更多頻段 來支援場景的應用。另外，在次6GHz的頻段下，資料傳輸率必須要達到最高1Gbps。相較於現行 LTE頻段， 在次6GHz頻段進行資料傳輸時， 會因採用高頻段傳輸而造成路徑損失的影響將進一 步地增大，進而將減少細胞覆蓋率。因此，若5G基地台在相同傳輸功率下，欲達到和LTE相同的 覆蓋範圍，則巨量天線系統、波束成形、波束追蹤等技術皆不可或缺。為了達到基站共站，提出 非均勻的波束成形技術來改善高頻率所造成的路徑損失效應。透過部份窄波束來集中能量以將訊 號發送到較遠的位置；寬波束則運用於一般情況。為了提供高移動速度的需求，波束追蹤技術也 將進一步地被探討。如此一來，可以減少基地台佈建成本， 讓電信業者加速5G系統佈建。

Due to the crowded frequency band in LTE systems, 5G system is expected to provide more frequency bands to improve service quality in more usage scenarios. In addition, the data transmission rate must be up to 1Gbps in the sub-6GHz band. However, as data transmission in the sub-6GHz, due to the usage of high frequency bands, path loss will be increased, thereby reducing the cell coverage compared to the existing LTE systems. Hence, if 5G base stations to provide the same cell coverage under the constraints of transmission power, these techniques such as massive MIMO, beamforming, and beam tracking are indispensable. To achieve the coexisting with LTE base stations, a non-uniform beamforming pattern is proposed to compensate the path loss caused by high-frequency transmission. The proposed beam pattern includes narrow beams and wide beams. The narrow beams are used to concentrate the signal energy to send to a distant location; the wide beams are applied to the general case. Furthermore, to provide the demand for high mobility, the beam tracking technique will be further explored. As a result, the cost of deploying the 5G base station can be reduced and then the telecom operators can speed up the 5G system deployment.